雅思写作提升之语法多样性-强调句式

   我们都知道语法多样性是雅思写作的重评分标准之一。有时候灵活运用句式，能让判卷老师眼前一亮，这时可能需要用到一些复杂的句型，强调句就是其中之一。强调句式的作用就是要突出句子的某一部分，以此引起读者的注意。所以雅思写作中运用强调句式是引起雅思考官好感的必杀技，特别是对于希望拿的考生而言。下面我们就来看看这一句型的特点：

　　一、强调句式的基本结构

　　It + be + 强调中心成分 + who/that + clause.

　　注意强调句式的特点：去掉it be…that结构，句子成分依然完整，句意依然全面。请大家注意分析一下以下句型中的强调关系体现在哪里：

　　It was Jane who called continually this morning. （这里强调的是谁）

　　It was a parcel that she gave him as the birthday present. （这里强调的是什么）

　　It is them who often help me with me lessons. （这里强调给了谁）

　　It was in Greece that the Olympic Games first started. （这里强调在哪里）

　　It was in 1976 that Tom knew her. （这里强调在什么时候）

　　注意：

　　1.当被强调成分为主语时，可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that

　　2.强调主语时，who/that后的谓语动词必须和被强调的主语人称和数保持一致

　　二、强调句式可以强调除谓语动词外的大多数句子成分。如主语，宾语（直接宾语，间接宾语），状语等。

　　John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.

　　--- It was John who/that gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.

　　--- It was Mary who/whom/that John gave a handbag (to) at Christmas.

　　--- It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.

　　--- It was at Christmas that John gave Mary a handbag.

　　三、强调句式可以强调多种多样的状语成分，如时间状语，地点状语，方式状语，原因状语等。

　　It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.

　　It was in Shanghai that I first met him.

　　It was very reluctantly that he agreed to help.

　　It was because it raised so many questions that the report took a long time to come out.

　　It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome.

　　It was with great joy that he received the news that his long-lost son would soon return home.

　　It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school.

　　It was three years ago that I came to the company.

　　注意：

　　强调状语时，要用that，不能用when, where, why, how等。请比较：

　　It was in the evening that the soldiers arrived at the small village.

　　It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small village.

　　It was at 3 o’clock that they came back.

　　It was 3 o’clock when they came back.

　　It was for three hours that they have been back.

　　It was three hours before they came back.

　　It was three hours since they came back.

　　It was raining when they came back.（时间状语从句）

　　It is true that he will go to Canada. （主语从句）

　　It is a surprise that Mary has won the first prize. （同位语从句）

　　四、对not… until…结构的强调，要用It be not until…that…, 因为否定前移，后面只能用肯定。

　　It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.

　　It was not until I saw Mary that I felt happy.

　　It was not until you had explained how that I managed to do it.

　　It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous actress.

　　It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.

　　It was not until the accident happened that I became aware of my foolishness.

　　五、最后给大家分享几个在雅思写作中精彩的强调句型例句，供大家参考：

　　It is stability that destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.

　　It is through competition that children can learn the meaning of courage.

　　It is the government that should shoulder the responsibility to protect the endangered species.

　　It is teachers who are competent to instruct their students to be good social members.                    It is through job training that the young unemployed would have the opportunity to get jobs again.

　　It is the large company that is polluting the water supply.